Graphic visualization and new ways to represent data

ABSTRACT


Visualization, infographic, information graphics, etc. Each book or reference on visual communication uses these terms with different meanings. The term visualization or representation seems to be the umbrella term: any type of visual elaboration of information intended to enable communication, analysis, discovery, exploration, artistic purposes. There are more and more applications of a scientific nature that are particular types of visualizations, customizable according to the needs of each observer. Some are designed to convey narratives on the basis of different sets of (infographic) information, others are designed mainly to allow exploration (data visualizations for subsequent in-depth analysis). Many authors have classified data processing methods that help to choose the best ways to represent them and there is no lack of, and continue to grow in number, online projects specifically dedicated to data processing to generate information: tableau.com, datawrapper.de, flourish.studio, rawgraphs.io, plotdb.com, to name a few. How to create, share and consult data is the theme of the proposed contribution, investigated through examples of graphic representation that give “information” starting from what is “data”.


Maurizio Marco Bocconcino, Mariapaola Vozzola,
Politecnico di Torino, DISEG - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale, Edile e Geotecnica


H-BIM: information flows and data digitization processes

ABSTRACT


The contribution presents some methodological research experiences conducted by the research group of the DAda-LAB Laboratory, of the University of Pavia, on the possibility of using standard protocols such as IFC and shared models, through the use of a common language for facilitating the exchange of information.


Anna Dell’Amico
DICAr-Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Architettura, Università degli studi di Pavia


Knowledge representation through cognitive maps to foster collaborative research

ABSTRACT


Research increasingly makes use of multidisciplinary contributions to achieve valid and shared results. The synergy between different areas of knowledge is greater the clearer the language of sharing.  Cognitive maps, an instrument belonging in general to the sphere of cognitive sciences, propose a language for sharing knowledge using graphic codes for the synthesis of concepts. This article proposes a revision of the “grammar” generally used for the modelling of cognitive maps, aiming at a representation of knowledge capable of facilitating the access to the information produced.

The prototype map was then applied for content sharing as part of the PRIN TECH-START project, in which a seminar was held involving experts in conservation, representation of architecture, representation of knowledge, technical physics, computer science, IoT, evaluation and estimation, and the technology of architecture.

Different experts were asked to express their opinion on the barriers to the use of new enabling technologies and smart environments as a support to the evolution of processes for the management, conservation, documentation, predictive control, non-destructive diagnostics and energy improvement of historical buildings.

The joint use of these tools produces complex heterogeneous data that require an interdisciplinary approach, involving very different actors with the common need to share their knowledge.


1) Elena Gigliarelli, Filippo Calcerano, Michele Calvano, Stefano Cursi, Leo Lorenzi, Letizia Martinelli,
2) Maurizio Sibilla
1) Institute of Heritage Science, National Research Council of Italy, 2) School of the built environment, Oxford Brookes University


From OpenData to city models: an Anti-Fragile approach for City Information Modeling

ABSTRACT


The research investigates the application of the concept of Antifragility in City Information Modeling (CIM). In accordance with the Digital Twin concept, we propose a CIM model that increases the quantity and quality of data with contributions from volunteer mappers before and during crisis scenarios.


Federico Mario La Russa & Cettina Santagati
Università degli Studi di Catania - DICAR


Reflections on the use of HBIM from experiments on the field

ABSTRACT


In recent years, many research studies have demonstrated the potential application of BIM systems in the field of conservation of historic buildings, promoting the creation of a new methodology: the Historical Heritage and Building Information Modeling. The HBIM, starting from the survey as the basis of building knowledge, has the advantage of allowing the storage of a lot of information in one model, the integration of highly accurate three-dimensional surveys, planning of conservation and the calculation of related costs, data mining for the ordinary maintenance and in general to the building heritage management.

Heterogeneous information such as reliefs and three-dimensional models, documentary sources, cartographic and iconographic, textual information may be merged into a single database, facilitating the sharing and management at multiple levels and by multiple operators.

The proposed trial provides an opportunity to reflect on HBIM role and to try to understand, analyzing the difficulties, limitations and the potential that the system can offer in the field of conservation. Starting from the case of BIM realized for the fine facade of the Abbey of San Matteo in Genoa, will be analyzed key aspects in the management of the historical heritage, especially in light of the scientific literature related to the use of HBIM.


1) Carlo Battini, 2) Rita Vecchiattini
1) DICCA - Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Università degli Studi di Genova
2) dAD - Department of Architecture and Design, Università degli Studi di Genova


Documentation of frescoed surfaces in HBIM models

ABSTRACT


This paper presents a possible approach to document and transmit – in HBIM systems – graphics and textual data relating frescoes that often characterize the wall surfaces of historical artifacts. The study was conducted on the ancient Benedictine monastery of SS Severino and Sossio, Naples.


Simona Scandurra
Politecnico di Milano


Graphical communication of the ‘Torre dei Grassi’ at the ‘Portico d’Ottavia’ in Rome

ABSTRACT


This article investigates the different ways in which an architectural good of great historical and cultural value such as the ‘Torre dei Grassi’ in Rome can be documented and communicated. Recording the state of conservation of a cultural good is particularly important for preserving its value.


Giulia Pettoello
DSRDA Department of History, Drawing and Restoration of Architecture. Sapienza University of Rome.


An algorithmic information model (AIM) for the map of decay: the Church of San Giuliano

ABSTRACT


In the last decade, the discipline of architectural representation has investigated the possibilities offered by Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodologies applied to historical heritage (H-BIM). In recent years, the emerging use of Visual Programming Language (VPL) based software is bridging the gap between three-dimensional modelling and information modelling through the use of algorithms that can be customized and made public also thanks to interoperable data formats.

The study presents a workflow developed in VPL environment to create a semi-automatic degradation map. The proposed machine learning algorithms allow generating new components starting from the acquisition data of a survey and the subsequent data processing. The proposed solution offers an innovative solution for the classification and semi-automatic creation of degradation elements that provides the association between geometries derived from 3D mesh and the information apparatus associated with them.


Elisabetta Caterina Giovannini, Andrea Tomalini
Department of Architecture and Design - DAD, Politecnico di Torino


Reviewer 2020

REVIEWER 2020


Massimo Babudri, Ordine degli Ingegneri di Roma (Italy)

Carlo Bianchini, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Fabio Bianconi, Università di Perugia (Italy)

Cecilia Maria Bolognesi, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)

Stefano Brusaporci, Università dell’Aquila (Italy)

Adriana Caldarone, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Michele Calvano, CNR – ISPC (Italy)

Marco Capobianchi, Ordine degli Architetti P.P.C. di Roma e Provincia (Italy)

Maria Grazia Cianci, Università Roma Tre (Italy)

Roberto de Rubertis, XY Digitale (Italy)

Tommaso Empler, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Marco Filippucci, Università di Perugia (Italy)

Donatella Fiorani, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Elena Gigliarelli, CNR – ISPC (Italy)

Elena Ippoliti, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Massimiliano Lo Turco, Politecnico di Torino (Italy)

Giovanna Massari, Università di Trento (Italy)

Anna Osello, Politecnico di Torino (Italy)

Ivan Paduano, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Leonardo Paris, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Sandro Parrinello, Università di Pavia (Italy)

Fabio Quici, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Alberto Raimondi, Università Roma Tre (Italy)

Manuel Ròdenas, UPCT Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (Spain)

Maria Laura Rossi, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Michela Rossi, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)

Francesco Ruperto, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Livio Sacchi, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” di Chieti – Pescara (Italy)

Mario Sacco, BIM Expert (Italy)

Cettina Santagati, Università di Catania (Italy)

Alberto Sdegno, Università degli studi di Udine (Italy)

Graziano Mario Valenti, Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy)

Valeria Zacchei, PhD BIM Expert (Italy)


Editorial Vol. 06

N. 6 of the magazine is a special issue, for all those who have worked for its organization, management and dissemination.

In fact, on 7th April 2020, ANVUR announces that Dn. Building Information Modeling, Data & Semantics is recognized as a scientific journal:

Application evaluation outcome for the DN journal

Dear editor,

as required by art. 4 of Annex D of Ministerial Decree 120/2016 (Decree of Criteria and Parameters for National Scientific Qualification) ANVUR has concluded the preliminary phase relating to the evaluation of your application for the purposes of classification of the journal.

To this end, ANVUR made use of the opinion of qualified experts in the respective scientific sectors for examination of the classification revision requests presented through the specific CINECA interface by 23rd June 2019 according to methods and criteria set out in ANVUR Regulation for the classification of journals in non-bibliometric Areas, approved with the Governing Council Resolution no. 42 of 20/2/2019.

We therefore inform you that, on the basis of the preliminary assessment carried out, the application you submitted is accepted with the following reasons:

Area: 08

recognized scientificity

Last lines, in particular, are those that make us understand how the group that strongly wanted the foundation of the magazine (composed of: Cecilia Maria Bolognesi, Tommaso Empler, Laura Inzerillo, Massimiliano Lo Turco, Sandro Parrinello, Francesco Ruperto, Cettina Santagati , Graziano Mario Valenti) and believed in its potential, saw in the right direction and was able to stimulate the scientific community to propose contributions of interest and recognized quality. But as always happens, success is never for the individual, but for the whole team, from the publisher who believed in the initiative (Dei – Tipografia del Genio Civile, in the people of Giuseppe Rufo and Clorinda Protti), to those who work of drafting, visual and editing (in particular Alexandra Fusinetti).

However, last two lines are also a warning to continue, to improve, the spur to stay focused on the goal that the magazine has set itself since its inception:

Building Information Modeling (BIM), along with UNI 2017 standards and operative recommendations by BIM Handbook, has been recognized as the key information tool for digitalization in the building field.

The magazine Dn  represents a unique experience at national level. It addresses specific themes through an unprecedented analytical approach. It presents a varied selection of methods, technologies and instruments clearly defined to “build right and allow people to live”.

Magazine content is quite diversified. It presents exploratory approaches in the field of H-BIM, aimed at a correct digitization of historical heritage, and a number of virtuous examples of good practices for the implementation of major building interventions, characterized by marked process innovations, a description of operational proposals and related applications in the managing and maintenance area.

N. 6 of the magazine opens a new season, the one where it is necessary to be deserving of the scientific recognition just received and this happening in the post Covid-19 period whose legacy finally seems to be a clearance of issues related to digital as well as to green and research.

For this reason, selected papers are deliberately heterogeneous, to show the magazine’s potential to range between apparently distant topics, but where the inherent contents of the words “Building Information Modeling, Data & Semantics” are well present and recognizable within a digital transformation of  practices of disciplines that move around the built environment.

Paradigms vary, as the almost infinite so-called “Uses of BIM” change, ranging between Modeling and Management, between the contribution and interest of representation discipline to the theme of BIM and HBIM (Francesca Fatta), to the definition of new AECO sector rules, for both teaching and assessment, considering the importance of new management parameters and focusing attention on “digital value” of education sector (Fonsati, Del Giudice, Zanor).

From how digitization is faced in the design and building processes of bespoke architectural envelopes, built internationally, in markets that are also very different from each other, with the point of view of a BIM Manager (Christian Florian), to the use of software parameters for executive design of complex facades to structure project reality and develop communication tools for production and construction phases, according to an adequate representation of the complexity of the contents (Vescovi), up to the importance of relationship between complex form and realization efficiency in the light of remarkable development of digital manufacturing techniques, where algorithmic modeling takes on a central role as it can satisfy both aesthetic and production needs (Calvano, Mancini).

From verification and validation procedures of highly complex BIM oriented projects, through description of operational strategies that allow to control and preserve the quality of graphical-alphanumeric attributes that can be reused even during the life cycle of the product (Lo Turco, Tomalini), to GIM protocol, as an approach for maintenance management, through creation of a digital twin interconnected to existing building (Di Ciaccio, Rossini, Maroder).

Three-dimensional modeling, aimed at the representation of urban contexts, closely linked to theme of communicating information inherent to constructive, typological and technological characteristics of  historic city (Parrinello, De Marco, Galasso).

Finally, use of virtual reality for autism shows a potential for inclusion and communication with the aim of obtaining a communication tool useful for all (Pecora).

Therefore, n.6 of the magazine also confirms the vocation of Dn to propose itself as a privileged observatory of a transition to digital, whose contours and areas of reference are all to be explored and where traditional disciplinary sectors are different, from architecture to engineering, from information technology to project management, tend to mix in a common search for the extraction of “Value” (economic, cultural, environmental, etc.) from “Data”.


Tommaso Empler, Francesco Ruperto